从句
定语从句
一个词修饰形容词就是副词
- “这个苹果基本上是红色的”
基本上修饰的是“是 is”，is 是 be 动词，所以用 basically
- The apple is red
- The apple which i bougth from the market yesterday is red. 这里的 which 在从句里面是做宾语，可以省略，能省而不省则表示强调
站在树下的人是我的兄弟
This boy who stands under the tree is my brother
定语从句 2
where
live 是不及物动词，所以中间要加一个介词 in
she lives in the house
- 她住的房子很大
The house is very big
She lives in the house
这里 the house 前面有一个 in 介词，做从句要一并提前
The house in which she lives is very big.
如果提前之后，in 后面表示人的话，一定要用宾格 whom 并且不能用 that,只能 which whom
也可以用 where 作为引导词，表示 in which
The house where she lives is very big.
如果不把 in 提前可以省略 which
The house she lives in is very big.
她住在这栋房子里
inhabit 释义：居住于，属于及物动词，后面不需要加介词
She lives inhabit the house
❎ The house where she lives is very big. 这里 inhabit 及物动词后面没有带介词，不能用 where
when
when ＝介词 ➕which
我们打篮球的日子就是我们无法忘记的日子
- 日子就是日子
The days are the days
修饰第一个 day: 我们在那些日子打篮球
We played baseketball on those days.
The day which/that we played basketball onare the days
on 提前可以改成 on which
on which 可以用 when 代替
The days when we played basketball are the days
- 修饰第二个 day
我无法忘记那些日子
I can't forget those days.
这里 those days 提前后可以用 which/that/省略，forget 是及物动词
最后：我们打篮球的日子就是我无法忘记的日子
The days when we play basketball are the days which i can't forget.
why
why 大多数情况修饰 reason(原因)
“这就是我打你的原因”
拆成两句话
- 这就是原因
This is the reason.
- 我由于这个原因打你
I hit you for the reason.
for the reason 介词 + 宾语提前：for which i hit you
for which, for 介词 + reason 表示原因，可以用 why 代替
"This is the reason why I hit you."
whose
whose 谁的
“我喜欢窗户大的房子”
拆成两句话
- 我喜欢房子
I like thie house.
- 这个房子的窗户很大
The house's windows are very big.
The house's 表示xxx的，在疑问句里面 whose 表示谁的，在定语从句里面当引导词的时候不管是人的/非人的都可以用 whose
I like thie house whose windows are very big.
限定/非限定性
- 栗子1
限定：This is my brother who lives in Shanghai
如果一个照片两个人，你回答这个人是xxx 表示限定两个人中的一个
非限定：This is my brother, who lives in Shanghai
如果照片上一个人，别人问这是谁，回答哥哥，再问他在哪，再回答在上海 表示非限定
有逗号的情况下，非限定 不能用that作为引导词
- 栗子2
Tom is very smart, which everybody knows.
这里which指的是前面整个句子
非限定定语从句不能省略引导词
Tom is very smart, as everybody knows.
这里的which可以用as代替，as额外表示 正如 的意思
非限定 也有状语的意思
as everybody knows ,Tom is very smart.
Tom, as everybody knows, is very smart.
which: which不能放在开头，放中间只能紧贴被修饰的词后面